After the expiration of the temporary truce and the resumption of clashes between Hamas and Israel, The "Wall Street Journal", citing Israeli sources, reported that Israel had given directions to liquidate Hamas leadership globally. The newspaper reported that Netanyahu had asked Israeli intelligence to prepare a plan to target Hamas leaders anywhere. She noted that Netanyahu had spoken about Israel's plans for foreign assassinations in a speech on November 22, saying: "I ordered the Mossad to pursue Hamas leaders wherever they are found". Many are wondering about the identity of prominent figures in Hamas, both in the political and military wing of the Qassam Brigades.
Mohammed al-Deif:
He is Mohammed Diab al-Masri, his nickname is "Abu Khaled", and his nickname is" the guest", he is the leader of the Izz ad-Din al-Qassam Brigades, the military arm of Hamas, he was born in Gaza in 1965.
The" mastermind"as he is known to a Palestinian, and the" man of death"or the" fighter with nine lives " as he is known to an Israeli, he received a bachelor's degree in biology from the Islamic University in Gaza, and he knew about his love for acting and theater, and formed an artistic troupe for this purpose.
When he announced the establishment of Hamas, he joined its ranks without hesitation, so the Israeli authorities arrested him in 1989, and spent 16 months in prison without trial, on charges of working in the military apparatus of Hamas, and during his imprisonment, the guest had agreed with Zakaria Al-Shorbagy and Salah Shehada to establish a movement separate from Hamas in order to " capture the soldiers of the occupation
After al-Deif was released from prison, the Izz al-Din al-Qassam Brigades began to appear as a military formation, and al-Deif was one of its founders, and at the forefront of its personnel were commanders.
The guest was the architect of the construction of tunnels that allowed Hamas fighters to make breakthroughs inside Israel from Gaza, and he was also one of those who promoted the strategy of launching a larger number of rockets.
However, the most serious charges against him are his supervision and planning of a series of revenge operations following the assassination of engineer Yahya Ayyash, which led to the death of about 50 Israelis at the beginning of 1996, as well as planning the capture and murder of three Israeli soldiers in the mid-nineties. He was arrested by Israel and went to prison in 2000, but he managed to escape from his jailers at the beginning of the so-called"Second Intifada", and his traces have disappeared since that day.
The guest has three photos, one is very old, the second is masked, and the third is a portrait of his shadow.
The most difficult assassination attempt was in 2002, and the guest miraculously survived it, but he lost one of his eyes, and Israel says that he also lost one of his legs and one of his hands, and that he has difficulty speaking, because he was subjected to more than one assassination attempt.
In 2014, during the war waged by Israel on the Gaza Strip, which lasted more than 50 days, the Israeli army failed to assassinate the guest as well, but killed his wife and two of his children.
He became famous by his current nickname "Abu Khalid" through his acting role in one of these plays, the play "the clown", in which he played the role of "Abu Khalid", a historical figure who lived during the period between the Umayyad and Abbasid eras.
The nickname "guest" was chosen to describe him because he does not stay in one place for more than one night and sleeps each time in a new house to escape Israeli prosecution.
Marwan Issa:
Israel describes him as a man of "Deeds Not Words" and says he is so smart that he "can turn plastic into metal."
Marwan Issa, or the" Shadow Man " and the right-hand man of Mohammed al-Deif, is the deputy commander-in-chief of the Izz ad-Din al-Qassam Brigades and a member of the political and military Bureau of Hamas.
He was arrested by Israeli forces during the so-called"First Intifada" for five years because of his activity in the ranks of Hamas, which he joined at an early age.
Israel says that as long as he is alive, what it describes as the"war of brains" between it and Hamas will continue, describing him as a man of "Deeds Not Words", and says that he is so smart that "he can turn plastic into metal".
He emerged as a distinguished basketball player, and he was nicknamed the "Palestine commando", however, he did not have a sports career, as Israel arrested him in 1987 on charges of joining Hamas, and then the Palestinian Authority arrested him in 1997, and he did not come out until after the outbreak of the so-called" Al-Aqsa Intifada " in 2000.
After his release from the prisons of the authority, Issa played a pivotal role in the development of military systems in the Qassam Brigades.
For his prominent role in the movement, he became a stalker from Israel, which included his name among the Most Wanted, and tried to assassinate him during the staff meeting in 2006 with the guest and the leaders of the first row in the Qassam Brigades, but he came out injured and Israel's goal of liquidating him was not achieved.
Israeli warplanes also destroyed his house twice during the invasion of Gaza in 2014 and 2021, killing his brother.
His face was unknown before 2011, as it appeared in a group photo taken during the reception of prisoners released in the deal "Wafa al-Ahrar" in exchange for Israeli soldier Gilad Shalit.
The tactics of "Abu al-Bara" and his efforts appeared in the planning of the incursions carried out by the Hamas movement, starting from the "Shajil stones" in 2012 to the "flood of Al-Aqsa" in 2023, as the strength of the ground, intelligence and technical forces of the movement, the extent of organized and tight planning, and special attention to the Storming of towns and security headquarters.
Yahya Sinwar:
In September 2015, the United States placed Sinwar on its blacklist of "international terrorists."
The leader of the Hamas movement and the head of its political bureau in the Gaza Strip, Yahya Ibrahim Sinwar, was born in 1962, and he is the founder of the Hamas special security service, known as "Majd", who is involved in internal security files, as conducting investigations with Israeli agents, to later develop into tracing intelligence officers and the Israeli security services themselves.
Sinwar was arrested three times, the first of which was in 1982, and the Israeli forces kept him in administrative detention for four months.
In 1988, Sinwar was arrested for the third time and sentenced to life imprisonment four times. While Sinwar was serving his prison term, the tank of the Israeli soldier "Gilad Shalit" was subjected to rocket fire by Hamas, which took him hostage in the hands of Hamas fighters.
Shalit was called "everyone's man," so Israel had to do whatever it took to release him. This has already been done, through a prisoner swap deal that the resistance called "Wafa al-Ahrar", and included many prisoners of the Fatah and Hamas movements, among them, Yahya Sinwar, who was released in 2011
After Sinwar's release, he returned to his place as a prominent leader in the Hamas movement and a member of its political bureau.
In September 2015, the United States added Sinwar's name to its blacklist of "international terrorists", and on February 13, 2017, Yahya Sinwar was elected head of the movement's political bureau in the Gaza Strip, succeeding Ismail Haniyeh
Abdullah Al-Barghouti:
The "engineer" worked on the production of explosive devices, the production of toxic substances from "potatoes", as well as the production of detonators
Barghouti was born in Kuwait in 1972, and moved to Jordan after the second Gulf War in 1990, and held Jordanian citizenship, before he enrolled in a South Korean university to study electronic engineering for 3 years, and it was a reason for him to learn the explosives industry, he did not complete his studies because he obtained an entry permit to Palestine.
None of those around him knew about his creative skills in the field of manufacturing explosives, and after a long search, his intuition guided him to his cousin Bilal Barghouti, Abdullah took him to a remote area near Beit Rima and took a small piece of an explosive and manufactured and activated it in front of Bilal, Bilal set off to the city of Nablus to tell his battalion commander Ayman Halawa the details of what happened, and there Bilal Barghouti asked Abdullah Barghouti to join the ranks of the Qassam Brigades according to Ayman's orders.
The engineer worked on the production of explosive devices and the production of toxic substances from "potatoes" in addition to the production of detonators, and Barghouti set up a special laboratory for military manufacturing in a warehouse in his hometown. The total number of dead in the operations coordinated and orchestrated by Abdullah Barghouti was about 66 Israelis and more than 500 wounded.
Barghouti was arrested in 2003 by accident by Israeli special forces, and was transferred for investigation for 3 months in a row.
In the second trial, dozens of families of the Israeli dead attended, and he was sentenced as the longest sentence in the history of Israel, and others even described him as the longest sentence of a prisoner in history, 67 life sentences, in addition to (5200) years.
He went on a hunger strike that led to the end of his solitary confinement, Barghouti was nicknamed the"shadow Prince", after he wrote a book from inside the prison entitled "Shadow Prince", in which he talks about his life and the details of the resistance operations he carried out with other prisoners, and described in the book how he was entering explosives through Israeli military checkpoints, how he carried out remote detonations, and other precise details.
Ismail Haniyeh:
On February 16, 2006 he was nominated by Hamas to assume the post of Prime Minister of Palestine and was appointed on the twentieth of that month
Ismail Abdul Salam Haniyeh, whose surname is Abu al-Abd, was born in one of the Palestinian refugee camps, is the head of the Political Bureau of the Hamas movement and the prime minister of the tenth Palestinian government, and served as prime minister of Palestine in 2006.
He was imprisoned by Israel in 1989 for three years, after which he was exiled to Marj al-Zahoor on the Lebanese-Palestinian border with a number of Hamas leaders, where he spent a whole year in deportation in 1992.
After spending a year in exile, he returned to Gaza, and in 1997 he was appointed head of the Office of Sheikh Ahmed Yassin of Hamas, which strengthened his position in Hamas.
On February 16, 2006 Hamas nominated him to assume the post of Prime Minister of Palestine and he was appointed on the twentieth of that month.
One year later, Haniyeh was dismissed from his post as prime minister by the president of the Palestinian National Authority, Mahmoud Abbas, after the Izzedine al-Qassam Brigades took control of the Centers of the security services in the Gaza Strip. Haniyeh rejected the decision because he considered it "unconstitutional", stressing"that his government will continue its tasks and will not abandon its national responsibilities towards the Palestinian people".
Haniyeh demanded Palestinian reconciliation with the Fatah movement and announced his acceptance several times to cede the presidency of the government as part of a comprehensive reconciliation, and effectively ceded it on the second of June 2014 to Rami Hamdallah.
On the sixth of May 2017, he was elected chairman of the Political Bureau of the Hamas movement by the Shura Council of the Islamic Resistance Movement, succeeding Khaled Meshaal.
Khaled Meshaal:
Meshaal is one of the founders of the Hamas movement and has been a member of its political bureau since its founding
Khaled Mishaal "Abu Al-Waleed" was born in Silwad village in 1956, he received his primary education there before he and his family emigrated to Kuwait where he completed his primary and Secondary Education.
Meshaal is one of the founders of the Hamas movement, and he has been a member of its political bureau since its founding, and he headed the movement's political bureau between 1996 and 2017, and was appointed its leader after the death of Sheikh Ahmed Yassin in 2004.
In 1997, the Israeli Mossad targeted him in an attempt to assassinate him on the direct instructions of Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, as he asked the head of the Mossad to prepare a plan to carry out the assassination. 10 members of the Mossad entered Jordan with fake Canadian passports, Khaled Meshaal was a resident of Jordan at the time, and was injected with a toxic substance while walking on one of the streets of the capital Amman.
The Jordanian authorities discovered the assassination attempt and arrested two Mossad agents involved, and the late king of Jordan Hussein bin Talal asked the Israeli Prime Minister for the anti-toxic serum with which Khaled Mashaal was injected, and Netanyahu initially rejected King Hussein's demand. The attempt on his assassination took on a political dimension, and US President Bill Clinton intervened and forced Netanyahu to provide the anti-poison serum used. Netanyahu finally succumbed to Clinton's pressure and delivered the anti-serum.
Khaled Meshaal visited the Gaza Strip for the first time on December 7, 2012.Meshaal's visit is the first to the Palestinian territories since he left at the age of 11. Meshaal was greeted by Palestinian, factional and national leaders upon his arrival at the Rafah crossing, when the Palestinian masses came out to greet him along the way until his arrival in Gaza City.
On May 6, 2017, the movement's Shura Council elected Ismail Haniyeh as his successor as head of its political bureau. Today, the movement re-elected him to be its president in the overseas territory.
Mahmoud al-Zahar:
Mahmoud al-Zahar was detained in Israeli prisons for six months in 1988, six months after the founding of Hamas
Mahmoud al-Zahar was born in 1945 in Gaza City to a Palestinian father and an Egyptian mother, and lived his early childhood in Ismailia, Egypt.
He received his primary, preparatory and secondary education in Gaza.he received a bachelor's degree in general medicine from Ain Shams University in Cairo in 1971, and then a master's degree in general surgery in 1976. since graduating, he worked as a doctor in Gaza and Khan Younis hospitals until the Israeli authorities dismissed him because of his political positions. Al-Zahar is one of the most prominent leaders of the Hamas movement and a member of the movement's political leadership.
Mahmoud al-Zahar was detained in Israeli prisons for six months in 1988, six months after the founding of Hamas, and was among those deported by Israel to Marj al-Zahor in 1992, where he spent a whole year.
With Hamas winning a majority in the 2005 legislative elections, al-Zahar took over the Ministry of foreign affairs in the government formed by Prime Minister Ismail Haniyeh, before President Mahmoud Abbas announced the dismissal of the government after the events that led to the Palestinian division.
Israel set its sights on liquidating al-Zahar, and tried to assassinate him in 2003, when an F-16 plane dropped a bomb believed to weigh half a ton on his house in the Rimal neighborhood of Gaza City, in an attack that led to minor injuries, and the death of his eldest son Khaled and his companion.
On January 15, 2008, his second son Hossam, who was a member of the Izz ad-Din al-Qassam Brigades, was among 18 people killed in an Israeli raid in eastern Gaza.
Al-Zahar has written intellectual, political and literary works, including "the problematics of our contemporary society.. A Quranic study"," Nowhere under the sun"in response to Benjamin Netanyahu's book," Political Islamic discourse", and the novel"on the sidewalk".
